Beginning

1、proverb

As a proverb goes “a good book is the best of friends, the same today and forever”.

A brave man may fall, but he cannot yield.

2、figure or statistics

     The population in China has become a serious problem today. According to the statistics of census, the net increase per year in our country is 20 million, equals to the whole population of Australia.

     So it is high time to …

3、quotation

     A man without friends is only a half man and a man without good friends is a foolish man. So …

4、question or questions

What is the most serious problem facing mankind now?

Has the sex discrimination been abolished in the US？

Ending

To sum up,

In short,

In a word,

On the whole,

From the above comparison and contrast, we can safely conclude that…

When the advantage and disadvantages are carefully compared, the most striking conclusion is self-evident…

Judging from all evidence offered, we may reasonably come to the conclusion that…