Part II Reading comprehension

　　阅读理解考试要点

　　1. 能够掌握文章的中心思想、主要内容和细节信息；

　　2. 具备根据上下文把握词义的能力；理解上下文的逻辑关系；

　　3. 能够根据所读材料进行一定的判断和推论；

　　4. 能够对文章的结构和作者的态度等作出简单的分析和判断 (irrelevant)

　　Important：命题原则

　　1 Material Selection - not too specialised, not too complicated, right length ...

　　2 One-One Principle - each question is based on a particular sentence/a group of relevant sentences in the article

　　3 Correct choice - exactly corresponding with the meaning of the original sentence, reasonable and sensible ...

　　4 Wrong choices - wrong information or partial information, irrelevant information, unreasonable conclusions ...

　　无关信息例句

　　Mobiles are popular among people because _______

　　A. they think mobiles are fun

　　B. they believe mobilse are safe

　　C. they love to listen to music

　　D. they feel it easier to talk to each other

　　依据句

　　Why are mobiles so popular? Because people love to talk to each other. And it is easier with a mobile phone.

　　错误信息例句

　　How did researchers know that ancient Greeks rushed to watch the Olympics?

　　A. Thousands of people came to watch.

　　B. The main stadium is still not big enough.

　　C. They have found the related record of events.

　　D. Many of them were visitors and pilgrims.

　　依据句

　　“We have accounts of visitors and pilgrims setting up tents all around the site.”

　　没有道理的说法例句

　　Parents buy mobile phones for their children because ________ .

　　A. mobile phones are very fashionable with teenagers

　　B. they can call home if they are in trouble and need help

　　C. they can use mobiles to play simple computer games

　　D. mobile phones enable teenagers to give up smoking

　　5种常见考题类型

　　1 General questions - main ideas

　　2 Specific questions - specific information

　　3 True/False statements

　　4 Inference/implications

　　5 Vocabulary

　　总答题策略

　　1. Skimming the article first, or

　　2. Skimming the questions first (depending on one’s own level)

　　3. Locating the Key Words/Signal Words in the questions

　　4. Tracing the original sentence by scanning the Key Words /Signal Words in the article

　　5. Making first judgement by using common sense, then confirming your choice

　　英语篇章结构

　　(To help locate the original sentence)

　　1. Topic Paragraph/Sentence(主题)

　　2. Supporting Paragraphs/sentences(支持信息)

　　3. Conclusion(总结)

　　例题：

　　(2007年真题)

　　Questions 11—15 are based on the following passage:

　　In the Fall 2006, the National Basketball Association (NBA) started using basketballs made with synthetic, or manmade material instead of leather. They made the switch because they wanted every basketball they use to feel and bounce the same.

　　However, some players complained right away that the new balls bounced differently and were actually harder to control than leather ones. Dallas Mavericks owner Mark Cuban asked for help the Department of Physics at the University of Texas. The scientists investigated friction that affects the ability of a player to hold onto a ball. “ The greater the friction, the better it will stick to his hand,” explains Horwitz, one of the physicists who worked on the project.

　　Tests on both wet and dry balls showed that while the plastic ball was easier to grip when dry, it had less friction and became much harder to hold onto when wet. That’s because sweating stays on the surface of the synthetic balls but gets absorbed into the leather balls – an important detail for sweaty athletes.

　　In January, the NBA went back to using the traditional leather balls. They aren’t perfect, but for now, that’s just the way the ball bounces. (197 w.)

　　11. The NBA started using synthetic basketballs instead of leather ones because _______.

　　A. NBA players had used the leather balls for too long a time

　　B. NBA officials wanted a switch with which to start a reform

　　C. they emphasized that synthetic materials are manmade

　　D. they wanted every basketball to feel and bounce the same

　　12. How did some NBA players respond to the switch to synthetic balls?

　　A. They felt that the new balls were worse than the leather balls.

　　B. They thought differently about the leather balls.

　　C. They felt much more comfortable with the synthetic balls.

　　D. They believed the new balls would soon be replaced.

　　13. Which of the following contributes to the better control of the balls?

　　A. Stronger affection. B. More ownership.

　　C. Greater friction. D. Fewer investigations.

　　14. When is it harder for an NBA player to hold onto a synthetic ball?

　　A. When sweating sticks to the ball.

　　B. When the ball is wetted by water.

　　C. When tests are done on the ball.

　　D. When the ball is dried with a towel.

　　15. In the last paragraph, “that’s just the way the ball bounces” probably means _______.

　　A. tradition offers the best choice

　　B. the NBA made a mistake

　　C. the ball bounces as best it can

　　D. the ball bounces perfectly

　　Questions 16—20 are based on the following passage:

　　A mother dolphin (海豚) chats with her baby over the telephone! They were in separate tanks connected by a special underwater audio link. “It seemed clear that they knew who they were talking with,” says Don White, whose Project Delphis ran the experiment. But what were they saying?

　　Scientists think dolphins “talk” about everything from basic facts like their age to their emotional state. “I speculate that they say things like ‘there are some good fish over here,’ or ‘watch out for that shark because he’s hunting,’” says Denis Herzing, who studies dolphins in the Bahamas.

　　Deciphering (译解) “dolphin speak” is also tricky because their language is so dependent on what they’re doing, whether they’re playing, fighting, or going after tasty fish. During fights, for example, dolphins clap (碰撞) their jaws to say “Back off!” But their jaws clap while playing, too, as if to show who’s king of the underwater playground.

　　16. How did the mother dolphin talk with her baby over the telephone?

　　A. Two connected tanks were separated for the talk.

　　B. A clear voice could be heard in the two separate tanks.

　　C. Both the mother dolphin and the baby knew each other.

　　D. AS special underwater audio link was sep up for the talk

　　17. Dolphins seem to talk to each other about any of the following EXCEPT ______.

　　A. their age B. audio link

　　C. food sources D. their emotional state

　　18. Why is it challenging to interpret “dolphin speak”?

　　A. Because playing and fighting are part of dolphins’ life.

　　B. Because dolphins like to talk about their language.

　　C. Because dolphins’ language heavily relies on their actions.

　　D. Because tasty fish are difficult for dolphins to catch.

　　19. A dolphin might be saying “________” when it claps its jaws.

　　A. Go back to your home! B. I am the king here!

　　C. Who is playing here? D. Show me who the king is!

　　20. When scientists describe dolphins’ communicative skills, their tone is rather ________.

　　A. affirmative B. negative

　　C. playful D. speculative

　　Questions 21—25 are based on the following passage:

　　An American company has started testing a new program aimed at increasing security. Three workers from CityWatcher.com, a company that provides security camera equipment, have volunteered to be electronically monitored. They will have a silicon chip put inside their arms. The tiny device is the size of a grain of rice and will send out radio signals. These will provide information to a central monitoring system that will give the workers access to secure areas of the workplace. The chips were originally designed for medical purposes.

　　Sean Darks, CEO of CityWatcher, said the chips were like identity cards. He said the only difference is that they are inserted inside the person’s body. He added they are very different from Global Positioning Satellite technology, which allows people’s location to be monitored. Mr. Darks insisted that they were not dangerous and even decided to have a chip implanted in his own body. However, many people are worried about the issue of privacy. Many believe the technology could be abused and that new laws will have to be made. Mr. Darks said his workers always choose to have the chips removed.

　　21. This passage is mainly about _______.

　　A. the test of a new security program

　　B. the increasing security of U.S. companies

　　C. a new central monitoring system

　　D. Global Positioning Satellite technology

　　22. The three workers from CityWatcher. Com have _______.

　　A. volunteered to provide security camera equipment

　　B. offered to be monitored in the new security program

　　C. agreed to have silicon chips planted in their brain

　　D. had access to secure areas of their workplace

　　23. Which of the following is NOT true about the silicon chips in trial?

　　A. They are as tiny as a grain of rice.

　　B. They will send out radio signals.

　　C. They will be developed for medical uses.

　　D. They function like identity cards.

　　24. The chips are different from the Global Positioning Satellite technology in that _______.

　　A. they allow people’s location to be monitored

　　B. they are inserted into a person’s body as ID cards

　　C. they provide information to a central monitoring system

　　D. they bring more danger to the carriers

　　25. Many people are worried about the silicon chips because _________.

　　A. the new technology may introduce on people’s privacy

　　B. they cannot get the implanted chips removed

　　C. the new laws about the technology might be abused

　　D. they are not assured of the effect of the chips

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